東京消防庁日本
Some Key places and names:
Assistant Chief Nakajana of the Tokyo Fire Board
Assistant Chief Nakajana of the Tokyo Fire Board
Fire Colonel Ishii, chief of the Shibuya Fire Station
Shobodan, or Volunteer Fire Corps
Bokakyokai
Nihonshobokykai
They have an esprit de corps reminiscent of an
old Brooklyn Dodger fan, emanating from a rigidly imposed
military system that would warm the cockles of a Prussian baron
Unlike most cities, Tokyo has no
private or hospital ambulance service. The city has some 464 emergency hospitals
Shobodan, or Volunteer Fire Corps
Bokakyokai
Nihonshobokykai
They have an esprit de corps reminiscent of an
old Brooklyn Dodger fan, emanating from a rigidly imposed
military system that would warm the cockles of a Prussian baron
Unlike most cities, Tokyo has no
private or hospital ambulance service. The city has some 464 emergency hospitals
The author with his interpreter, center, Assistant Chief Nakajana of the Tokyo Fire Board Public relations section, and Fire Colonel Ishii, chief of the Shibuya Fire Station, at right. Men in rear are unidentified.
This, from what I have seen, will be no "paper tiger" like our CD organizations here at home.
Role of the volunteer
The 11,500 professional firemen in Tokyo are supported by 28,000 volunteers called the Shobodan, or Volunteer Fire Corps. These volunteer companies, under their own officers, are subordinate to the professionals. Because of the tremendous size of the divisions, the volunteer companies are strategically placed so that they can respond, usually on foot, to the scene. Many have their own small stations and some equipment. Each block in the city has its fire protection association, called the Bokakyokai. Money is collected each year from residents for supplies, equipment, food at fires, and assistance to injured volunteers. Within the last few years, 11 members of the Tokyo City Council have been volunteer chiefs.
Unlike Americans, the Jарапеяе have a national association of volunteers, called the Nihonshobokykai, which maintains a permanent staff in a six-story Tokyo hotel, where its members stay during meetings, conferences or visits. Two years ago, the vice pre? mier of Japan was its president. It has a membership of over three million, including women fire officers from the countryside, where no men are available during the day to man equipment. It was interesting to note the close-working and personal relationship between professional and volunteer.
One stands in awe of the fire record in Tokyo. Last year there were 11,000 fires, or 1,000 for each million people. This enviable (and I doubt surpassed) record is the result of an intense fire prevention effort. Each battalion station has one floor devoted to prevention, utilizing half the station complement. Each building is inspected not only for possible hazards but as to its location, escape routes, etc. Loudspeaker cars prowl the city, urging the people to use caution. If a careless fire has occurred, a car appears in the neighborhood and the offender is publicly berated.
By law, every building with 50 or more occupants has a professional fire warden. His duties include preparing and filing a fire prevention and protection plan, training the occupants in reporting fires and evacuating the building, supervising any use of fire in the building and maintaining all escape and fire protection equipment. There are some 32,000 wardens presently on duty.
Each fire station is responsible for a junior fire department. These moppet organizations comprised all the grade school children in the area and many high-schoolers. The pupils attend lectures, see films, have outings, educate their parents, and inspect their own homes. Several times each year contests are sponsored in which the various stations compete.
Complete records made
While arson is handled by the police, each station has its own complement of fire investigators. Their job is to compile a complete record of the cause and extent of all fires. The resulting figures are amazing. There are seldom any estimates. The owner is required to present a list of his lost possessions and their cost. These are then checked with identifiable salvage from the site. If there is any question, samples are taken to a lab. Construction, cause and extent of the fire travel are carefully analyzed and mapped. The result is the most complete record imaginable.
All electrical inspection is handled by the fire department, as well as the examining and licensing of all handlers of hazardous materials. Any engineer employed in the design, construction, maintenance or use of fire equipment must also have authorization from the fire department.
Perhaps the most important authority assigned to the Tokyo Fire Board is the review of building plans and specifications. By law, no building may be started until the plans have been certified by the fire chief. Think of the potential here for prevention and safety!
Further search revealed several other factors that contribute to the low loss ratio. The Japanese, much like our early settlers, are well aware of the potential for conflagration in the flammable construction of many of their dwellings. Add to this the fact that trie use of wood and coal for cooking and heating is still prevalent and you have a fire-consciousness that has long since subsided in America. I was told that each night before retiring, the householder (no doubt accompanied by his junior fireman child) carefully checks the stoves.
Also—and those that served in the Pacific Theater can bear this out-there is the reluctance of the Japanese cigarette to burn. When one considers the high rate of cigarette-caused fires in America, he can appreciate that the virtual elimination of this cause could go a long way toward reducing fire losses. Put down an American cigarette and it burns to the end. Put down a Japanese cigarette and it goes out. Perhaps a crusade is in order for us to push not built-in flavor but built-in extinguishment. Furthermore, for a good part of the year, Tokyo has the climate in its favor with a prolonged period of warm and very humid weather.
As I left Tokyo, they were starting a new phase of their prevention campaign, as usual spearheaded by the children—the safe use of hair spray. I know Americans who, despite the fact that we have no open fires to contend with, would be delighted, at least money-wise, to see their wives and daughters slow down on the use of this cranial shellac.
The fireman
The Japanese fireman, like his country, is a paradoxical blend of the past and present. Fire fighters find the source of deep-seated fires with recently developed heat-sensing electronic gear and proceed to extinguish the flame with playpipes like those carried on our old hand tubs. They have an esprit de corps reminiscent of an old Brooklyn Dodger fan, emanating from a rigidly imposed military system that would warm the cockles of a Prussian baron. I spent a day at the Tokyo training school, watching the men in action. It reminded me of my days in basic training. The instructors would have made perfect drill sergeants. Everything was done on the run and with a cheer. I was told that their training goes on 12 hours a day, six days a week, for six months, and that only one out of 12 applicants is accepted for training. The academic side of their schooling is impressive. Subjects include history of the fire service, hydraulics, electricity, chemistry, science, weather, laws and regulations, fire protection and prevention, building construction, tactics, mechanics, flood control, rescue, pumping and ladders.
Officers attend special seminars and those with promise who do not already have a college degree (which many do) are sent on for further study. At all times, members of the department are studying abroad, bringing back and adopting the best that they see. Progress is typified by the opportunities offered those with academic training, who may take advancement examinations after a reduced period of time in grade. I was informed that they are presently developing a program of preparing fire protection engineers to be line officers, feeling that this background will have a decided effect on foreground command.
In watching the men at drill and in quarters, I was interested in the discipline and control which prevailed. Salutes were given and returned. Roll call was held with men at attention. Every act was performed in step and to the accompaniment of whistles and barked orders. Performance was precision-like and spirited. A slip meant a dressing-down and a considerable loss of face. Yet at no time did I see any sign of dissatisfaction or reluctance.
Nationally, they have a Fire Research Institute. Tokyo maintains a Fire Sciences Laboratory and its staff includes chemists, physicists and engineers. Within the last year they developed improved breathing apparatus, sprinkler heads and turret nozzles, and they experimented with the components of atmosphere in caissons. Their mission is developmental as well as experimental.
As in many cities, the Tokyo Fire Board maintains an ambulance service. Unlike most cities, Tokyo has no private or hospital ambulance service. The city has some 464 emergency hospitals that are connected to the fire department ambulance dispatch center by radio. The closest emergency hospital is alerted by button, then contacted by radio. A doctor at the dispatch center receives a radio report on the condition of the patient after the ambulance arrives at the scene. He then advises the trained attendants on first-aid action to take, calls the hospital and has everything prepared for the patient's arrival. Since the radio network is multichannel, many times the doctor at the hospital who will treat the patient listens to the diagnosis and often issues preliminary instructions for preparation while the ambulance is en route.
My last two days in Tokyo were spent revisiting the stations I had studied. At the request of the battalion chiefs, I put myself at their disposal to answer questions about our ways. Despite the difficulty of translation, it was an enjoyable (though tedious) experience. I was amazed to hear officers and privates quoting from our latest fire journals and commenting on the methods and theories of our noted chiefs. Like so many Americans, it brought home to me that I, too, had fallen prey to the smugness that is all too often one of our less endearing traits.
The young Japanese private, speaking with difficulty through an interpreter, had by his knowledge of international developments reversed a predetermined concept of mine and placed me in the position of the provincial listening to the cosmopolitan. Yet he had never left his city, much less traveled to another of the home islands or abroad. П П
Smoke ejector truck has a compressor to operate the fan and supply two air line masks for firemen. The air line reels may be seen atop the truck.
Smoke ejector with ordinary fire hose carrying compressed air to operate fan, which forces smoke through large flexible tubing. Fireman at right is using air line mask.
Original magazine illustrated article from the 1960's.
About 2 pages long.
Quite scarce and old (this a vintage and original pages, not a copy or reproduction ).
彼の通訳、中央、右にある東京消防庁委員会広報部のアシスタントチーフNakajana、および火災大佐石井、渋谷消防署のチーフ、と著者。後部の男性は、身元不明です。これは、私が見てきたものから、ここに自宅で私たちのCDの団体様には"紙の虎"できなくなります。ボランティアの役割東京で11500プロの消防士は、28000人のボランティアShobodanと呼ばれる、またはボランティア消防隊によってサポートされています。これらのボランティアの企業は、自らの役員の下、専門家に従属している。彼らがシーンに、通常は徒歩で、応答できるようにための部門の途方もない大きさ、ボランティアの企業が戦略的に配置されています。多くは自分の小さな駅といくつかの機器を持っている。都市内の各ブロックは、その防火協会、Bokakyokaiと呼ばれています。お金を供給するための住民、機器、火災での食品、および負傷者のボランティアへの支援から毎年収集されます。ここ数年以内に、東京市議会のメンバー11人は、ボランティアの責任者となっている。アメリカ人とは異なり、Jарапеяеは、そのメンバーは、会議、セミナー、訪問中に滞在6階建ての東京ホテルで永久的なスタッフを維持するNihonshobokykai、と呼ばれる、ボランティアの全国的な協会を持っている。二年前、副プリ？日本のmierはその会長を務めた。それは男性が男性の機器への日中は利用できない田舎、から女性消防職員を含め、300万人以上のメンバーシップを持っています。それは、プロとボランティアの間で緊密に働くと個人的な関係を注意することは興味深いものでした。一つは、東京の火災の記録に畏敬の念を抱いて立っている。昨年11000火災、または1,000はそれぞれ百万人のためにあった。このうらやましい（と私は突破疑う）レコードは、激しい火災の予防の努力の結果です。各大隊の駅は半分駅の補数を利用し、予防するために一階を注いできました。各建物は、避難経路は、人々が注意を使用するために促す、などラウドスピーカー車の徘徊、、起こりうる危険を、その場所にとしてだけでなく、街を検査される。不注意な火災が発生した場合、車は近所に表示され、犯罪者が公にberatedている。法律によって、50以上の居住者とのすべての建物は、プロの防火責任者を持っています。彼の任務は、準備や火災予防及び保護の計画を提出、火災を報告するに乗員を訓練し、建物を避難さ、建物の火災のいずれかの使用を監督し、すべてのエスケープと防火設備の維持などがあります。現在勤務中のいくつかの32000看守があります。各消防署では、ジュニア消防署の責任です。これらのめめしい男の組織は、地域内のすべての小学生を構成し、高高校生の多く。生徒が講義に出席し、彼らの親を教育、外出している、フィルムを参照してください、そして自分の家を点検。数回、毎年のコンテストは、様々な局が競争する後援される。完全な記録が行わ放火が警察によって処理されていますが、各ステーションは、火災調査官の独自の補数を持っています。彼らの仕事は、すべての火災の原因と程度の完全な記録をコンパイルすることです。結果として得られる数字は驚くべきものだ。どんな見積もりはめったにありません。所有者は、彼の失われた財産及びその価格のリストを提示する必要があります。これらはその後、サイトから識別可能なサルベージでチェックされます。どんな質問がある場合、サンプルは実験室に運ばれている。建設、原因や火災の旅行の範囲は慎重に分析し、マッピングされています。結果は想像できる最も完全な記録です。
煙イジェクトトラックはファンを作動し、消防士の2つのエアラインマスクを供給するコンプレッサを持っています。エアラインのリールは、トラックの上に見られるかもしれない。
圧縮空気は、大規模なフレキシブルチューブを通して煙を強制的にファンを、動作するように運ぶ通常の消火ホースによる排煙器。右の消防士は、エアラインマスクを使用しています。(freestyle translation :)
東京消防庁日本 ( 消防の歴史 )
東京消防庁理事会のアシスタントチーフNakajana
火災大佐石井、渋谷消防署のチーフ
Shobodan、またはボランティア消防隊
Bokakyokai
Nihonshobokykai
彼らは団結心を連想させるしている
厳格に課せられたから発せられる古いブルックリンドジャースのファン、
プロシア男爵のザルガイを温めるという軍事システム
ほとんどの都市とは異なり、東京でははありません
プライベートまたは病院の救急車サービス。市は、いくつかの464救急病院を持っています
Very Rare Old Print.Watermark "E.BA.Y" Is Only In Our Listing, Not On Real Page.
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1960's Glenn Dale Fire Department Maryland
Some Key places and names:
Glenn Dale Fire Association Glenn Dale, Md.
collaborating with the Greenbelt Volunteer Fire Department and
the College Park Volunteer Fire Department
CHIEF GLENN W. MOORE
collaborating with the Greenbelt Volunteer Fire Department and
the College Park Volunteer Fire Department
CHIEF GLENN W. MOORE
Original magazine illustrated article from the 1960's.
About 2 pages long.
Quite scarce and old (this a vintage and original pages, not a copy or reproduction ).
Very Rare Old Print.Watermark "E.BA.Y" Is Only In Our Listing, Not On Real Page.
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Chief Robert Jerauld Arden California Fire Department
Original magazine advertisement from the 1960's.
Ad size about 8"x11".
Quite scarce and old (this a vintage and original ad, not a copy or reproduction )
Chief Robert Jerauld Arden California Fire Department
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Bryn Mawr Fire Company PA Pennsylvania Mack Truck Ad
Original magazine advertisement from the 1950's.
Ad size about 8"x11".
Quite scarce and old (this a vintage and original ad, not a copy or reproduction)
Very Rare Old Print.Watermark "E.BA.Y" Is Only In Our Listing, Not On Real Page.
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1964 Chattahoochee Volunteer Fire Department Chattahoochee Florida
Chief Floyd Pfaender
Original and Vintage Magazine Clipping.
Collectible Paper
Memorabilia of Your Town
and Firefighters History Today before it's gone Tomorrow.
Please, see an enlarged scan of the illustration below.
Memorabilia of Your Town
and Firefighters History Today before it's gone Tomorrow.
Please, see an enlarged scan of the illustration below.
Very Rare Old Print.Watermark "E.BA.Y" Is Only In Our Listing, Not On Real Page.
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